It is a shocking but little-known fact that more people die from the effects of air pollution than are killed in road accidents in Europe. Furthermore, the cost of providing healthcare to alleviate the suffering caused by air pollution in the European Union (EU) is estimated to be as high as €790 million. To protect their populations, many European countries and cities have introduced traffic regulations in urban areas. Yet, while these measures help to improve air quality and reduce congestion, they can be confusing for drivers.

Haulage companies and coach operators that need to plan deliveries or tours in multiple European cities find it hard to obtain information about the many different types of restrictions in specific locations. They don’t know exactly where road charging schemes are in force or how to obtain a permit; they don’t know where weight and height restrictions exist which might influence their choice of vehicle; and they don’t know the locations of low emission zones or how to check to see if their vehicles will comply. For private drivers and small businesses planning one-off trips to European cities, it can be even harder to obtain this information.

To address this challenge, the European Commission (the EU’s executive body) appointed the specialist air quality consultancy Sadler Consultants Limited to develop a multilingual public website to consolidate information about urban access regulation schemes in Europe. The first version of this online facility was extremely well received, but the EU wanted to broaden it to include data on all traffic restrictions. Sadler Consultants also wanted to upgrade the web site’s mapping, which did not perform well on mobile devices or allow users to zoom in and out easily.

When Sadler Consultants upgraded and re-launched the web site, it replaced the previous FLASH-based map with Esri’s ArcGIS Online, a web-based geographic information system (GIS) solution that adapts effortlessly to any device. Users can now view a map of the whole of Europe on the website, zoom in to a specific country, region, city or town and click on their areas of interest. They can elect to view all restrictions or just certain types of regulation by checking boxes in an adjacent legend. Pop-up boxes then appear with detailed maps of relevant restrictions in the highlighted urban areas, and users can click in these boxes for full details, in any of 26 languages, including minority and non-EU languages.

GIS experts from Esri UK advised Sadler Consultants on the deployment of ArcGIS Online and assisted in the redevelopment of the website. In addition, Esri UK’s Content Services team provided expert guidance on appropriate data sources and brokered a data licensing deal with sat nav data provider HERE (formerly NAVTEQ). The team took HERE data on traffic restrictions in European towns and cities and converted this road network data into polygons depicting whole zones where restrictions apply. The data was then used in a series of ArcGIS Online maps configured by the Content Services team for use in the project.

The incorporation of ArcGIS Online into www.urbanaccessregulations.eu has transformed the site, making it more intuitive to navigate and providing an exceptional user experience on mobiles and tablets. “ArcGIS Online gives us an interactive interface that people can use to easily plan their journeys,” says Lucy Sadler, director of Sadler Consultants. “The pop-ups give users summary information without having to leave the map. It works brilliantly!”

The information available on the website is also significantly more extensive than it was previously; thanks to the inclusion of HERE data, sourced and prepared by Esri UK, the site now offers – for the first time – details on the height, width, length and weight restrictions for all European towns and cities (over 8,000). “Haulage companies and tour operators have long been lobbying the EU for a service as comprehensive as this and now we can provide it for them,” Sadler says.

In liaising with HERE, Esri UK was able to secure a cost-effective data pricing model for the EU, and this led to a further improvement in the quality of the website, as Sadler explains. “Thanks to Esri UK’s negotiation and data preparation, we had more funds available to investigate the more complex traffic regulations, which need more details than those provided through the HERE data, so could produce a more comprehensive record of restrictions for the whole of the EU.”

Over time, commercial vehicle operators and private individuals will save time and money from use of the website. They won’t waste hours trying to obtain and understand information that only exists in foreign languages and will avoid accidental penalties from not knowing a scheme exists.

Ultimately, the main aim is that the website will have a profound health benefit for millions of Europeans. Mindful of the many EU directives on air quality and the environment, Sadler concludes, “It is my hope that the website will help support both towns and cities as well as vehicle operators, help to reduce pollution, noise and traffic in urban areas and improve lives across Europe.”

Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) is the Scottish Government’s advisor on all aspects of nature and landscape across Scotland. Its role is to help everyone understand, value and enjoy Scotland’s nature now and in the future. It does this by providing advice and information to support projects that benefit wildlife, habitats and landscapes, or that encourage more people to enjoy nature responsibly.

SNH is legally required to “actively disseminate” natural heritage information, but felt that answering inquiries as they arose by telephone, fax and post was not fully satisfying these obligations.

“We wanted to be able to provide a better service to the public, as well as save time and money”, Mark Robson, GIS Manager says. Consequently, SNH decided to develop an interactive mapping service to deliver information, whether about wildlife in the Cairngorms, facts about a Site of Special Scientific Interest or for planning a trip to a National Nature Reserve.

As a longstanding user of GIS, SNH needed a web-based solution that was compatible with their existing GIS architecture. “We wanted something that we could develop very rapidly, that would offer us ‘Web 2.0’ type capabilities and that could easily be integrated with the rest of the organisation’s website”, says Mark Robson, GIS Manager.

Esri UK’s Customer Care team worked closely with SNH’s GIS team to migrate from ArcIMS to the latest version of ArcGIS Server, which includes the Flex Application Programming Interface (API).

Flex made it easy to create web-based mapping applications with the desired look, feel and general style, and SNH was able to create a proof of concept application within a matter of hours. In development, SNH used ESRI’s hosted services, while still implementing ArcGIS Server. “When ArcGIS went live, it was very easy for me to switch from the hosted system to our own system,” says Richard Betts, Senior GIS Officer.

A key capability of Flex is its ability to integrate data and services from third parties. SNH created a mash-up, seamlessly importing species data from the National Biodiversity Network (NBN) into its own website. “Previously, we had provided a lot of information into the NBN, but we needed a way of making that information accessible to our own customers,” explains Richard Betts, Senior GIS Officer

SNH’s GIS team found the documentation on resources.esri.com well organised and well written. This helped them understand the capabilities of the ArcGIS Server and speeded up application development. “The whole application build took less than four months”, estimates Betts. “Considering how much new software was involved and the complexity of our environment, that was pretty quick.”

The site is helping achieve the goals of openness and value for money for the people of Scotland. SNH launched its interactive mapping in March 2009 and the site attracts an average of 3,000 visitors per month, with 20,000 individual page views per month. Most importantly, two thirds of users are return customers. “This demonstrates that users value the site and consider it worth visiting again,” says Betts. “We have been pleasantly surprised by the amount of unprompted positive feedback we have received from both users and partners,” says Robson.

Whereas it used to take over a day of an area officer’s time to answer a fairly standard query, now customers can easily find information for themselves. “GIS enables us to work more efficiently and frees up people’s time to focus on the quality aspects of information management”, observes Alan McKirdy, Head of Information Management.

New audiences now access SNH data. “ArcGIS Server allows us to deliver information in a far more accessible way and to a wider range of people, from planners and developers to school children”, explains Robson.

More content will be made available online. “Self service has proved to be better for our customers and a more efficient use of our time”, says Robson. “The next step is to take advantage of the simplicity of the ArcGIS Flex API to expand this service to cover all our data.”

Robson and Betts believe that the wider deployment of online interactive mapping will help to elevate SNH’s reputation. “It is now much easier for people to see what we do, what we stand for and why we are here”, concludes Robson. “Use of GIS on our website is helping to increase awareness of the value of what we deliver for the people of Scotland.

Newham Council is the local authority for the London Borough of Newham, serving a population of 310,500.

While small in size, Newham Council has one of the largest cohorts of pupils in the whole of London. It processes in excess of 5,000 reception applications and around 4,000 year 7 applications every autumn. In addition, it must allocate school places in response to 7-8,000 in-year applications per annum.

The council had an existing IT system that it used to help it allocate school places according to strict over-subscription criteria, including what catchment and parish children live in and the home-to-school distance (shortest walking distance or straight line). However, this system was very cumbersome and did little to speed up what was a timeconsuming, complex and stressful task for the admissions team.

To ensure the quality of its decisions, team leaders used to rigorously check and quadruple check the school allocations. This wasn’t an optimal use of manager time, but the council vehemently wanted to focus on the family and avoid mistakes so every child received the correct school offer. If, for example, home-to-school distances were inaccurately calculated, it could lead to an increase in appeals, substantial administrative and legal costs, damaging negative publicity and a loss of trust in the community.

While council staff found the demands of the admissions process complex, so too did parents and guardians. Many families found it hard to understand how places were allocated, and high volumes of calls were made to the council call centre every year requesting information on home-to-school distances and the precise boundaries of catchments. These telephone enquiries were costly for the council and not necessarily particularly illuminating for parents and guardians.

Esri UK worked with Newham Council to design a geographic information system (GIS) to precisely address all these issues. Called the Esri UK School Locator app, this solution integrates with the council’s existing CACI admissions system and rapidly calculates accurate catchment and distance information for each pupil and school preference. The solution also integrates with the council’s Local Land and Property Gazetteer (LLPG), to give it accurate, up-to-date address information.

Not just for internal use, the School Locator app also serves up a public-facing web site, where parents and guardians can see catchment areas, Catholic parishes, closest schools, interactive maps and the all-important home-to-school distances tie-breakers (both shortest walking and straight line), most of which would previously have been impossible for the public to determine without contacting the council by telephone.

“Esri UK went the extra mile, investing time in really understanding our needs,” says Tracy Jones, group manager for pupil services at Newham Council. “We had a tight deadline and it seemed like an impossible ask, but, in short, the consultants moved me from a big idea with a skeleton specification to an excellent solution in less than three months.”

The introduction of Esri UK’s School Locator app is enabling the school admissions team to work much more efficiently and process applications more quickly. “Pupil numbers are steadily rising in Newham, year after year, due to the baby boom and ongoing regeneration of the borough,” says Jones. “Use of Esri UK’s School Locator app will enable us to handle this volume increase, and maintain our high quality standards, with the same number of staff.”

Significantly, the School Locator app has given Newham Council true confidence in the rigour of its school admissions process and reduced risk. It knows that the decisions it makes are all based on accurate location information and the same criteria are applied consistently to all applications. “There is less chance of human error, so less risk of us losing a case under stage one of the appeals process,” says Jones.

The greatest benefit, in Jones’ view, is the clarity the solution delivers for residents. Schools and families can now simply visit a web site to see exactly which catchment pupils live in, identify their nearest schools and calculate distances. The information they see is exactly the same that the council sees, so there is complete openness about council decisions.

The elected mayor of Newham, Sir Robin Wales, is committed to ensuring that the council provides the best possible services for residents and that it is transparent in its decision making process. The development of the School Locator app is one initiative that really supports and delivers on this agenda. It gives residents an online tool that demystifies the school application process, and reduces call centre costs at the same time.

The fact that parents have more transparency into how decisions are made may lead to a reduction in appeals. Newham Council typically handles over 1,500 school admission appeals a year, at a cost of around £50 each. If the Esri UK School Locator app were to decrease this figure by just 20%, for example, it would save the council £15,000 a year. By reducing the odds of appeals progressing to judicial review, the app could potentially save the council many more tens of thousands of pounds.

Norfolk County Council (NCC) provides services for one of the largest counties in England, covering around 2,000 square miles and home to 860,000 residents. The city of Norwich is the county town of Norfolk with other significant centres of population found in Great Yarmouth, King’s Lynn and Thetford, plus a number of smaller market towns.

Esri GIS has been used for several years by NCC to help achieve cost savings and improve decision making, within areas such as Planning, Environment, Transport and Highways. An enterprise geodatabase is used by around 80 desktop users plus multiple internal and external websites.

NCC was looking to expand the footprint of GIS across the council as potential additional savings from using the technology became apparent. An essential part of this was the need for accurate address management, to underpin a wide variety of new websites and applications, as Tim Hudson, GIS Manager, Norfolk County Council explained: “We wanted to create one central version of all of our address data that was easy to maintain and find a straightforward approach to geocoding. Creating centralised address management would also deliver a very lean and cost effective approach to future GIS projects.”

The GIS team used LocatorHub to create a single address gazetteer that every internal and external application can search against. Connected to OS AddressPoint data (soon to be OS AddressBase), LocatorHub is always working with the most up-to-date information available.

“LocatorHub offered everything we needed in a single package that is easy to integrate and work with,” commented Tony Collins, Technical Lead at NCC for LocatorHub implementation. “Connecting it to all of our GIS systems and mapping applications, across desktop, web or mobile platforms was very simple and has given us an easy-touse, responsive gazetteer.”

LocatorHub allows users to quickly find and view addresses when using NCC’s primary, internal web-based mapping browser, which has hundreds of users every day and over 600 unique users each month. For citizens, the main site that benefits from LocatorHub’s address search is called ‘Where I Live’, powered by Esri UK’s LocalView Fusion. The mobile version of Where I Live, developed in-house by NCC, also makes use of LocatorHub to provide a single query address search – perfect for the mobile user who demands a simple user experience.

The overall benefit LocatorHub has brought to NCC is an accurate and easy to manage gazetteer which is robust enough to underpin all GIS-related websites and services, for both the staff and public.

LocatorHub seamlessly integrates with all new GIS applications, making the process of delivering map-related services more streamlined. Having a single source of address data is cheaper to maintain too.

“LocatorHub gives us a centralised, accurate source of address data across the whole organisation, which allows fast and reliable address searching,” said Tim. “Maintaining the gazetteer is now a very simple data load operation which saves a lot of time for the GIS team.”

Customer service staff are now able to pinpoint locations on a map very quickly when dealing with the public, while staff or residents can search for an address or location using only a partial address, making mapping apps very user friendly.

The geocoding ability of LocatorHub is also proving invaluable, allowing NCC to perform batch geocoding when processing large amounts of location data. For example, the GIS team was asked to produce an interactive map showing the council’s ICT network topology. Using LocatorHub, it was able to rapidly geocode hundreds of interconnecting sites to build a physical picture of all the points on the network.

Future plans for LocatorHub include using it more widely across the council, potentially moving centre stage to become the address solution supporting all the strategic systems including Finance, Children’s Services, Adult Care, Health, Transport and Highways. This will not only improve consistency of address data across the council but reduce costs by removing the need for other third party address solutions.

“LocatorHub has given us a single answer to all of our address management needs,” concluded Tim. “A centralised gazetteer delivers very effective information management which translates into more efficient services for both staff and citizens. Now we can create even more spatial apps and services, confident they have the best address search functionality built-in from the start.”

The South Yorkshire Passenger Transport Executive (SYPTE) exists to coordinate public transport in South Yorkshire. It is funded collectively by the four local authorities of Barnsley, Rotherham, Doncaster and Sheffield, but many journeys begin in South Yorkshire and extend all the way to Leeds in the north, Scunthorpe in the east and the Peak District in the south.

One of the founding aims of SYPTE is to encourage greater use of public transport, as well as promote more sustainable forms of transportation that ease congestion and minimise CO2 production. The organisation aspires to make public transport accessible to the widest number of people, while at the same time ensuring that services are cost effective and economically viable.

To achieve these goals, SYPTE needs to be able to provide clear and accurate information to the general public about the public transportation services that are available, in a wide range of different formats. It also needs to work with many different public and private sector partners to plan changes to the public transportation provision in the area.

SYPTE started using geographic information system (GIS) technology from Esri UK over a decade ago, after Esri UK was successful in a competitive tender. Today, Esri’s ArcGIS Platform is fully embedded into almost all aspects of the organisation’s work, fulfilling three critical business functions:

1. Asset management 
SYPTE relies on ArcGIS to help it record, manage and maintain its network of assets including, for example, all bus stops within South Yorkshire. Employees with the correct authorisations can access ArcGIS to add, move and retire bus stops, as well as query bus stop information. The organisation also uses Esri’s Network Analyst tool to accurately map and edit new bus routes and plot the stops along those routes, by importing electronic and paper-based data from bus operators.

2. Information production
All of the route, service and asset data contained in ArcGIS is then utilised to help the organisation produce a diverse portfolio of information products, ranging from map-based information boards in bus and train stations to maps for PDF brochures and timetables. ArcGIS also underpins an interactive route map on the web site www.travelsouthyorkshire.com that allows members of the public to search for bus stops and plan their journeys across the whole region.

“GIS is the starting point for all of the information products we produce,” says Saad Masood, senior GIS analyst at SYPTE. “Even when a finished product has no actual map on it, the data that is included in it has been produced using GIS and spatial analysis.”

3. Strategic planning 
SYPTE draws on a vast amount of supplementary data, including passenger numbers and mystery shopper reports, to conduct analysis of the entire public transport network across South Yorkshire and provide recommendations for changes and enhancements. For instance, when new housing developments or new office complexes are proposed, SYPTE works with the planning authorities to analyse existing transportation routes and facilities using GIS and then model different measures to improve the accessibility of public transport from these sites.

ArcGIS has become an invaluable tool for SYPTE, helping it to make pivotal decisions about the future of public transport in South Yorkshire. For example, the organisation aspires to provide a bus stop within 400 metres of every home, to make public transport accessible to everyone. It uses GIS to create 400 metre buffers around residential properties, identify existing bus stops within these zonal areas and see the gaps where new bus stops and routes are needed. “ArcGIS helps us to put bus stops in the right places to serve the most people,” Masood says.

The use of GIS also helps SYPTE to collaborate with councils and multiple public transport operators to produce strategic plans that consider the needs of the entire population of South Yorkshire. The organisation uses ArcGIS to monitor and model service usage and make informed decisions about how to deliver a viable, cost efficient and effective service. This coordinated approach helps to eliminate unnecessary duplication of services and minimise carbon emissions.

The high quality and accuracy of SYPTE’s information products helps the organisation to provide a good service to people living and working in South Yorkshire. There are a wide range of online, paper-based and interactive information services available, all of which help people to plan their journeys. SYPTE also uses GIS to help it plan, justify and spearhead schemes such as single tickets for journeys involving multiple bus companies that improve value-for-money and convenience for travellers.

Over the years, the increasing use of GIS within the organisation has contributed to cost and time savings. Indeed, the production of key information products has been reduced from three or four days to minutes. Some speciality maps used to be outsourced to a third party for production and these can now be created in-house, to the same quality, much more quickly and cost efficiently.

Abu Dhabi, capital city of the United Arab Emirates, has thousands of dedicated people, billions of dollars and years of effort coming together to achieve a groundbreaking goal: the world’s first entirely carbon-neutral, zero-waste city – constructed from scratch. Commissioned by the Abu Dhabi Future Energy Company, the city’s five and a half square kilometres will be home to 50,000 people, 1,500 businesses and 40,000 daily commuters.

This is an experiment of colossal proportions, with no historical precedent, but it is also a serious business venture with a tight schedule. The harsh desert environment adds complexity and means understanding geography is vital: sun angles, wind patterns, street widths, building density and height, and even city orientation.

Citigen and Esri are Enterprise Business Partner and Authorised Systems Integrators on the project and use ArcGIS for spatial planning, modelling and programme management. Geographic Information System (GIS), including cutting-edge 6D GIS modelling, are used to track costs, schedules and carbon emissions, and empower collaborative thinking for creative problem-solving. GIS will also underpin an automated, paperless asset management system. “Masdar City was planned with careful consideration of both human and physical geography”, explains Shannon McElvaney, Citigen’s Site Control and GIS Manager, “So at the very start of this project, extensive analysis was carried out on traditional Arab city infrastructures.”

Carbon-neutral build
To be a truly carbon-neutral city, the construction must be carbon-neutral (including accommodation and transport for 5,000 labourers). “GIS has proven to be very valuable for the logistics of the build”, confirms McElvaney. “It helps the Masdar team to do everything we can to minimise use of materials, mileage and carbon emissions.”

Meeting the master plan
With more than one hundred different contractors, ensuring that each decision is aligned with the master plan is complex. GIS modelling has made potential problems more visible than on a massive spreadsheet. “We spotted a set of lines on one structure that was about 30 centimetres off from the previous line work”, McElvaney reveals. “If that structure was a bridge, a mistake like that could be very time and cost-intensive to fix at the construction stage. GIS is extremely helpful in preventing that kind of thing from happening.” Occasional environmental infractions are inevitable too, but by plotting incidents based on GPS-tagged photos, corrective action can be taken quickly.

Optimising facility placement
Masdar includes water and sewage treatment plants, recycling centres, a solar farm, geothermal wells, and plantations of different tree species useful for producing biofuels. “Never before have so many environmental facilities come together in one place… GIS helps Masdar select sites, evaluate alternatives and visualise construction sequences for the whole city”, explains McElvaney

Planning unique, safe infrastructure
Like a traditional Arab city, Masdar is designed for pedestrians, but uniquely, the walkways will be elevated, with Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) at ground level. “We used GIS to visualise all routes for the PRT network, and to test predicted walk times between PRT stations”, confirms McElvaney. The accuracy of GIS also revealed that the pedestrian streets were too narrow for fire engines to turn around. Streets were resized before construction, ensuring a safer city from the start.

Balancing carbon, cash flow and schedule
Although carbon neutrality is paramount, cashflow matters too, so the team built a 6D GIS model. “Visualising different combinations helped them to sub-divide original phases into smaller neighbourhood sub-phases which helped to manage costs while monitoring impacts on carbon emissions”, McElvaney explains. “When GIS is used across disciplines and departments it facilitates both collaboration and innovation.”

Clear, fast progress reports
Monthly Google Earth Pro mashups show progress. “When it’s 3D GIS, it’s very easy to convey complex information which everybody can digest quickly”, says McElvaney.

Maintaining the carbon-neutral vision
After completion, GIS will be used daily to manage Masdar City’s assets and maintain carbonneutrality. “The GIS will be integrated with a Computerised Maintenance Management System which will automatically generate work orders that are sent directly to technical engineers who will then carry out the work, and instantly update the system… if you can constantly make small enhancements to your assets, you can effectively double the life of those assets”, enthuses McElvaney. “Masdar will use GIS to visualise energy and water usage for the city as a whole and communicate the status to residents in novel ways… helping everyone in Masdar City work together to cut down on resource use.”

Severn Trent Water is one of the UK’s largest utility companies, supplying nearly two billion litres of drinking water a day to eight million people in an area of more than 21,000 square kilometres.

Every year, Severn Trent Water receives over 140,000 incident reports, such as burst pipes and interrupted water supplies. The company has a duty to respond quickly– but it was often hard to establish the exact location: service centre staff had to find a vaguely defined place, using road atlases and directories.

Up to 95% of incidents lacked a precise grid reference so jobs were sometimes wrongly routed. “Sending an engineering repair team to a wrong location is a very expensive mistake to make”, explains Dave Pearson, lead GIS architect at Severn Trent Water. “Valuable time is lost and a lot of additional effort is wasted trying to find out the correct location”, increasing costs and damaging customer relationships.

Severn Trent Water decided to solve this with a comprehensive and flexible gazetteer service, backed up with digital maps. “We needed a way to ensure the accuracy of the location information collected in the service centre”, says Pearson. “By greatly reducing the probability of sending out inspectors and teams to the wrong location, we felt that we had an opportunity to improve efficiency and reduce costs.”

Based on successful use of GIS solutions from Esri UK to manage underground assets, “We felt that Esri’s GIS technology would give us the fastest possible retrieval of addresses and maps. Indeed, it has lived up to our expectations and, in some areas, surpassed them”, says Doug Cubin, GIS consultant to Severn Trent Water.

They chose Esri UK’s Intranet mapping solution to make GIS available to all service centre staff, and developed a gazetteer application (based on Esri’s spatial database engine) for comprehensive searching by address, motorway junction, schools and even chemists and pubs. “If a caller reports a problem on the bend in the road, and can roughly describe the area and a landmark or two, we can find it!” say Severn Trent Water.

To obtain a precise address and postcode, staff follow an on-screen workflow in a customer relationship management (CRM) application, which opens the GIS automatically. Staff drill down into the maps, looking for what the caller describes; when they find it, clicking on the map attaches a precise X-Y coordinate to the incident report, along with the postcode of the nearest address.

GIS has transformed the way that customer agents work and has dramatically improved efficiency. Field teams usually find incidents quickly: less wasted time reduces costs and improves customer service.

• The time taken to record an incident location has more than halved.
• In at least 95% of calls requiring a field visit, engineers have an accurate grid reference and address before they leave.
• The annual incident map that Severn Trent Water provides for OFWAT is used for analysing patterns and clusters and for deciding infrastructure investment: it is now much quicker and simpler to produce. The precise logging of X-Y coordinates enable automatic processing of much of the data, avoiding painstaking manual data cleansing.
• Time saved on incident logging and data cleansing has been used for other quality improvements.

“To make this year’s reporting a less onerous task it really was crucial for us to get an accurate spatial reference for each incident report – and that’s precisely what we have achieved”, says a Severn Trent Water consultant.

The huge success of the GIS is evidenced by users’ enthusiasm. The intuitive interface and seamless integration with existing workflows ensured rapid acceptance so that it became indispensable. “It has become a ‘priority one’ business system. If a hardware failure causes a system outage, it has to be fixed straight away.”

GIS was initially used by 250 customer agents at one site. Severn Trent Water plans to make an adapted version available to all employees, so they can search and access accurate digital maps over the Intranet. “Scalability is a key advantage of the GIS solutions”, say Severn Trent Water. “We will be able to make this GIS available to potentially several thousand employees located across multiple sites, and will look to Esri UK for help to realise this vision.”

Schiphol Airport, one of Europe’s busiest airports, needed to develop a simple and easy-to-use asset management system that would provide a clear view of all assets, keeping information up-to-date, accurate and complete. With a detailed list or requirements, Schiphol approached Esri Netherlands and its partners to create a platform that would support the easy entry and retrieval of data and information.

Previously, the diversity of Schiphol’s assets such as buildings, platforms and runways, gas, water, lighting and cabling, made it extremely challenging to locate asset information and create management reports. The airport unsurprisingly used multiple systems to perform these tasks, which proved to be an inefficient process. “We wanted to move to a system where we could centrally manage and retrieve all asset information,” said Nico Wasserman, Head of Data Management, Schiphol. “But the variety of assets made that difficult.”

With the new integrated system, Schiphol can now be more proactive in its decision making when there are maintenance interventions or disruptions. It is possible to see, at a glance, the consequences of disabling one component on other vital facilities; for example the impact of an electrical failure on other installations can be seen immediately. “We can then act quickly and decisively, extremely important in a dynamic environment such as Schiphol”, according to Wasserman.

In 2005, Schiphol decided to switch to GIS in order to optimise its entire business operations. Since then all surface and underground assets have been mapped and it is now possible to ‘unlock’ and view the information with one common operational picture. “We have carried this out in planned phases and are now reaping the rewards,” added Wasserman. By implementing SGIS (Schiphol GIS), Schiphol has been able to replace the multiple systems that were in place. “Adopting this approach has resulted in our entire IT architecture becoming more transparent. By replacing the different asset information systems with one central GIS system, the quality of the information increases accordingly.”

Supporting operational service bodies, along with Schiphol, can view any malfunction regardless of the malfunction’s location. This has major benefits particularly during an emergency incident; access to all information, at any time, and at any place, can make a major difference in the speed of resolution.

Asset information in the SGIS can also be obtained via a web portal. Wasserman anticipates that employees will soon be able to walk to the relevant field location with their smartphone or mobile device, carry out their required duties and enter the information directly into the system. “This is of particular importance for an airport city such as Schiphol. The immense size of the site and developments such as Bring Your Own Device, make it completely impractical for the workforce to access to SGIS purely from fixed workplaces.”

In recent years, Schiphol and Esri have worked together to build the asset management platform so that every authorised employee can add and retrieve data relating to his/her own work area. Numerous parties have worked together on collating and structuring the entirety of the data, ensuring that all knowledge workers have the ability to review and use the data within.

“Schiphol is really advanced in the field of data collection, they want to do more than just collect data,” said Alexander Molhuysen, Business Manager at Esri Netherlands. “They want to be able to utilise all of their data, retrieve the appropriate information in a simple way so they can make the correct decisions, quickly.”

SGIS also has applications in other areas, such as maintenance work. “Sometimes, when work is carried out, it is necessary to close a corridor, pier or hallway,” added Molhuysen. “The routing must then be automatically adjusted and SGIS shows the alternatives, including the shortest route for redirecting passengers. When analysing malfunctions, the system not only visualises a 2D but 3D image showing, for example, sprinkler networks. A vast amount of information can be accessed regarding the composition of specific installations.”

Schiphol is keen to continue using Esri products in the future. With SGIS, the status of the entire breadth of its assets can be dynamically visualised in a Schiphol-wide map. And the system is scalable, with the ability to take on board additional data from integrated systems. “We are going to continue integrating Schiphol’s systems, allowing the airport city to continually achieve efficiency gains and further improve operational synergies” concluded Nico Wasserman.

Originating in London, RSA is one of the world’s leading multinational insurance groups. It specialises in general insurance, and has 17 million customers in 130 countries.

RSA wanted more accurate tools for managing exposure to risk in commercial property, optimising capacity, handling claims, purchasing reinsurance, and targeting marketing campaigns.

The Esri UK insurance platform comprises hubs (modules) providing spatial support to business functions. It uses xy coordinates to establish the distance between a building and a nearby risk, within 1-2 meters of accuracy, spatial analysing the effect. It interoperates with leading platforms and data formats, in server and mainframe environments. Most processing is “behind the scenes”, so commercially sensitive data can be managed in-house and training requirements are minimal.

When a customer calls, the address is geocoded and passed to the perils hub, for risk scoring. If the accumulation hub finds RSA’s exposure at this location is within defined limits, the new risk is automatically approved and the accumulation hub data updated. (If exposure would be too high, the location is flagged for investigation.)

Accuracy reduces risk
Postcodes are too vague. Using xy locations pinpoints where each building is in relation to others, and adding data layers (e.g. crime, flood and subsidence) means risk assessment and premiums can be more accurately calculated. “Having that much more granular idea of where our risks are – and where they are approximate to each other – ensures we don’t overexpose ourselves”, explains Graham Heale, Property Portfolio Director.

Optimised capital capacity
With reliable risk assessment, RSA allocates capital and manages reinsurance more effectively, freeing capacity to sell more insurance, whilst avoiding over-exposure. “The greater the granularity of the data, the greater the understanding of risk, and the more effective we can make our reinsurance purchase”, Heale explains. “This doesn’t mean we do away entirely with the contingency… but we can be more refined in our purchase.”

Competitive edge
Competitors quote high premiums for all properties in a postcode that has flooded, whereas RSA can give lower quotes for individual properties that have never been affected. “We were able to make flood insurance available to a wider range of customers”, notes Heale.

Faster processing
“Where before we would expect a risk assessment to be performed in, say, seven days, the response from the new system is pretty much instant, as in most cases no manual assessment is needed”, Heale observes. Automated risk assessment and batch processing free up underwriter time for more complex assessments. Heale is enthusiastic: “We have no reason to assume anything other than 100% confidence. It’s going to be fantastic.”

Handling major events
Some events cannot be planned for and stretch call centres and computer systems. When the Buncefield oil terminal exploded, Heale’s team modelled and estimated RSA’s loss within three hours; “Following seven months of actual physical assessment of the damage and loss adjustment, the number that we gave is still within 7% of the final cost”, Heale affirms. Before GIS, it would have taken a week or two to estimate a less accurate number. Furthermore, “Because the system helped us to gear up quickly, we were able to send an emergency response vehicle to the scene within a couple of hours”.

Demonstrate solvency
The Esri UK Insurance Platform can provide assurance to regulators and shareholders that RSA fully understands the risks it underwrites and complies with legislation such as Contract Certainty and Solvency 2. “I do believe that… the system may be able to assist us in our discussions with regulators around how effectively we are managing the risks in our portfolio”, muses Heale.

Targeted marketing
“The geographical mapping tools can also be used to identify ‘cold spots’, or areas in which we could write more business without affecting our accumulated risk”, Heale notes.

Future benefits
RSA has used Esri GIS for many years, and now plans to convert all postcode data into geocoded data and give web service access to underwriters outside the UK.

Heale summarises, “I guess the real ‘lightbulb moment’ for me was the realisation that it wasn’t the knowledge of topography, or of river flows, or of insurance, or of GIS that actually made the difference… but it is the combining of all those datasets with our GIS skill, our mastery of the insurance risk, of actuarial pricing, and of our capital management capability that has truly made a winning formula for us.”

Incidents of severe flooding are expected to double in frequency by 2050, thrusting more communities into danger and causing significant, additional damage to property. For insurers, this means that flood-related claims are now a considerable risk factor and a growing proportion of their accumulated, insured risk.

As a global risk advisor, Willis Group Holdings plc (Willis) provides services to insurance and reinsurance companies, to help them better understand flooding, as well as other natural catastrophes. While it analyses satellite and aerial imagery to gain insight into flood patterns, Willis also recognises the vital importance of conducting ground surveys, to identify loss-generating mechanisms in more detail.

Between May and June 2013, vast swathes of Germany, Austria and the Czech Republic were afflicted by devastating floods. Willis quickly started to prepare a team of surveyors to visit the flooded regions and collect information about flood depths, damage and the effectiveness of local flood defences. As water levels rose, losses escalated and fatalities occurred, it became clear to Willis that it would need a more effective way to ensure the accuracy of the data it collected.

Willis has been using geographic information system (GIS) solutions from Esri UK for many years and places considerable importance on spatial analytics as an enabler for technical innovation and client service excellence. During the flooding crisis, it decided to employ Esri’s ArcGIS Collector App for the first time. It took the organisation just a few days to set up the mobile GIS solution to meet its survey requirements, and less than a week after the Danube burst its banks, surveyors were on route to Central Europe.

Timothy Fewtrell, divisional director for catastrophe risk at Willis, led the 2013 survey. He used the ArcGIS Collector App on his Apple iPhone to note his precise location, via GPS, record survey observations and upload photographs. All of the location-specific data collected from sites across three countries was then automatically uploaded to Esri’s cloud-based GIS platform, ArcGIS Online, where it was instantly accessible to office-based analysts in London.

“If we hadn’t had the ArcGIS Collector App, it would have been significantly more work,” says Fewtrell. “We would have had to manually link photographs with locations when we got back to the office, and the information gathered would not have been anything like as precise from a location perspective.”

The use of Esri’s ArcGIS Collector App enabled Willis to collect accurate information about the 2013 flooding and make it accessible almost immediately to its analysts in offices around the world. Fewtrell believes that this ability to share real-time insight is incredibly valuable to the business. He says: “When our analysts can gain rapid visibility into what is actually happening on the ground, they can monitor risk very closely and provide well-informed advice to customers.”

Using the information gathered during the 2013 ground survey, Willis was able to develop detailed reports about the natural disaster, which were valued by customers. “We were able to show our customers that we really understood the dynamics of that particular flood incident,” Fewtrell recalls. “We could give them the detailed information they needed to help them assess damage claims more appropriately and make future policy decisions.”

The information gathered using the ArcGIS Collector App was also used by Willis to help it validate and improve its well-renowned flood risk model for Central Europe. Its model subsequently grew in accuracy, enhancing the company’s reputation and credibility in the sector. “The ArcGIS Collector App helped us make improvements to our flood model, allowing it to become seen as state-of-the-art,” Fewtrell says. “It helped to solidify our foothold in the industry as the preferred supplier for flood risk assessments.”

The 2013 flooding was undoubtedly one of Europe’s most devastating natural disasters. 25 lives were lost and the total damage done to commercial and residential properties has been estimated at €12 billion. Willis now has an extensive geospatial repository of data about where flood losses occurred in this event, the condition of flood defences at specific sites, actual water level recordings and more besides. As Fewtrell says, “all this information has significant value as intellectual property for Willis and will have many different uses for years to come.”